The newly issued document provides a long-awaited update of the 2007 guideline. An extensive literature search was performed for systematic reviews of 22 PICO (Problem, Intervention, Comparator, and Outcome) questions to formulate 31 evidence-based recommendations using the GRADE (Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation) approach (Table 1). The focus was narrowed to pulmonary disease (PD) in adults (noncystic fibrosis, non–human immunodeficiency virus) caused by the four most common pathogens: Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC), M. kansasii, M. xenopi, and M. abscessus (1). For reasons incompletely understood, the rates of nontuberculosis mycobacterial PD (NTM-PD) are increasing in many parts of the world, underlining the need for a concise guideline for the busy clinician.